Suffixes are also included in the reference list, and these references are listed alphabetically by title. Allocation of the suffixes is determined by the order of the references in the reference list, not by the order in which they are cited. If there is more than one reference by an author in the same year, suffixes (a, b, c, etc.) are added to the year. Multiple works: by same author AND same year Rule When cited together give the author's surname once followed by the years of each publication, which are separated by a comma. (Brown, Shimamura, et al., 1998) to distinguish from (Brown, Taylor, et al., 1998). looks the same as another in text citation similarly shortened, add enough surnames to make a distinction, followed by a comma and et al. If a multiple (3+) author citation abbreviated with et al. Multiple authors: ambiguous citations Rule Brown & Jones, 1961) to distinguish from (W. Please see instruction for eight or more authors on the introductory page of this guide.Īdd the initials of the author's first or given name/s to their surname to distinguish them. Include all authors, up to seven, in the reference list. Note: There is a full-stop (.) after al (see below). (Brown, Soo, & Jones, 1990).Ĭite only the surname of the first author followed by et al. In 1979, Conger conducted a study which showed that.Ĭite both surnames every time the reference occurs in the textĬite all surnames and publication year the first time, thereafter only the first surname followed by et al. This was seen in an Australian study (Conger, 1979). Surname of author, no initials or suffixes such as Jr. as evidenced from a recent Australian study (Jones, 2012). The citation will look something like this: If you wish to emphasise the information you have paraphrased or quoted from an author, then your citation becomes 'information prominent'.If you wish to quote or paraphrase an author and want to emphasise the author, then your citation becomes 'author prominent'.Placement of citations can be important depending on the emphasis you wish to apply (Brown & Black, 2010) OR “Brown and Black (2010) indicate that…”
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If the author citation forms part of your sentence the word ‘and’ must be used, e.g.
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ENDNOTE X7 NOT ORDERING INTEXT CITATIONS CORRECTLY FULL
If your citation is at the end of a sentence, ensure the full stop is placed after the reference.The in-text citation is placed immediately after the information being cited.Page numbers are not normally included when paraphrasing but may be included if desired. For direct quotes, make sure to include page or paragraph number.The in-text citation consists of author surname(s)/family name(s), in the order that they appear on the actual publication, followed by the year of publication of the source that you are citing.when you paraphrase someone else's work.
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when you directly quote someone else's work or.Insert an in-text citation when your work has been influenced by someone else's work, for example:.University course materials / Theses / Exegeses.Government and Organisation Publications.Conference papers, theses and university material.Websites, newspaper and magazine articles, social media.